This is the first year (10th grade) that my younger daughter has been in public school. We homeschooled most of elementary and middle school with a stint in private school. I had no idea what to expect, except that I sincerely hoped she would get a good education that would prepare her for college.
I have to admit, I am surprised that Wuthering Heights is one of the books she's had to read for English. I reviewed it a while back and believe it to be one of the most perfect books I've read. I praise the school system of Alachua County, Florida, for exposing my daughter to some of the best classics ever written.
Wuthering Heights
By Emily Bronte
Critique by Lorilyn
Roberts
Wuthering Heights is one of the most perfect novels I have
read. Here are my thoughts on what makes
Wuthering Heights an outstanding read and why it’s considered a classic:
Characterization:
There are no extraneous characters introduced into the story. Each person
serves a purpose and is often complementary to another character in the book,
like a mirrored reflection or a duality, sometimes the same, sometimes opposing;
i.e., Catherine and Heathcliff, Edgar and Isabella Linton, Hindley and
Heathcliff, the younger Catherine and Hareton,
Mr. Lockwood and Nelly, Nelly and Joseph, the two families at Wuthering Heights and the
Grange, the mother Catherine and the younger Catherine, and Isabella and Heathcliff. The relationships among the characters are
complicated and evolving. If you were
to take one of the characters out of this story, the plot development would be negatively altered. The plot is character-driven and tightly
woven throughout the story.
Tone:
The tone of the story is brooding and dark. The sensuous feeling is foreboding,
first exhibited in the setting that
Emily Bronte describes in detail. There is an element of overarching suspense
and aversion to the characters: The morose
Heathcliff; mother Catherine who dies of
a brain disorder; the drink of
Hindley; the tragic life of Isabella
following her marriage to Heathcliff; the delightful younger Catherine who succumbs
to depression after coming under the control of Heathcliff. The depressing
scene and dysfunctional characters that greet Lockwood’s arrival prompt him to
ask Nelly to explain the history behind Wuthering Heights.
Societal:
I was struck by how Emily Bronte weaves the social status of the characters into
the story: Joseph and his barely
intelligible English; Nelly, the servant, and principal narrator, and her
portrayal of others from an inferior social position; the many differences between the upper-class
Lintons and the middle-class Earnshaws; the emphasis on social structure with
less opportunity for upward mobility, which impacted the “heart” of the story
- mother Catherine sacrifices her desire for Heathcliff to achieve a higher social status by marrying
Edgar. The characters’ traits, flaws, and attributes within the structure of
society make for believable people that the reader both loves and hates.
Multi-generational:
The differences between the generations were striking: Heathcliff and mother
Catherine seemed unable to change with the passage of time or grow as
individuals. They were locked into extremisms that became dead-end roads. Eventually, their flawed natures doomed them
to early deaths, providing an opportunity for the next generation in Catherine
and Hareton to overcome the past. In contrast to their parents, they were able
to adapt and redeem the past, and through their transformation, the reader is
filled with hope for the future. The
multigenerational aspect of time adds to the completeness of the story—this is a family with a history,
a past that threatens to destroy the future.
Spiritual/Psychological:
Emily Bronte probes deeply the psychological aspects of people’s behavior and
the ramifications of the dark side of human nature. The story touches on the
spiritual nature of the individuals, with references to the small church, the
recurring battle with death, the repeated references to ghosts, and Joseph’s
incessant recitation of Scripture.
Themes:
The many themes are timeless—love that is forbidden, prejudices that hurt
people, the meaninglessness of life
without hope, hate that destroys, the vindictiveness of human nature, and the
darkness of the soul without God.
Setting:
Established in the first paragraph, a “perfect misanthropist’s heaven.” Right
away, I am told a lot about this story
in a unique way which encourages me to keep reading.
Classic Author Similarities:
I am struck by the fact that many classics, like this one,
have been written by individuals who have experienced tremendous suffering. I wonder if there is a relationship between the giftedness to write great
stories and the degree to which one has endured hardship. Perhaps the strong
emotions that are pent up in a tortured soul find solace in the pen as a
healing balm.
Risky:
Creative, original stories take risks. For instance, there isn’t one protagonist
versus one antagonist in Wuthering Heights. Ninety-five percent of the story is
dark and unsettling; the story reinforces negative stereotypical issues and
characters. The orphan is the troublemaker and destroyer of the family,
perpetuating a common “myth” among adoptees.
Joseph uses the Bible in a beguiling way to
demean people, contrary to the Good Book’s ultimate purpose. The submissive
role of women and their inability to escape from abusive husbands or families
is also perpetuated in Wuthering Heights, reinforcing the long-held notion that women are inferior to men. Despite these risks, Emile Bronte creates a masterpiece.
Fictional Dream:
Emily Bronte immerses the reader into a world that is vivid
and dream-like, with colorful characters and a complex plot. She uses literary
techniques that make this is a compelling read, one worth pondering after the
last page is finished. It’s a shame she died so young—what other books might
she have written?
